Constitution Section 51 (xxix)

51 Legislative powers of the Parliament
''The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order, and good government of the Commonwealth with respect to:''

(xxix) external affairs;

The Commonwealth of Australia entered into the Restriction on Human Cloning Protocol, an international agreement. This is relevant to this case as the Parliament enacted the Restriction on Human Cloning Act 2002 pursuant to S51 (xxix). The Act confers enforcement of Australia’s international obligations to the Commonwealth Ethics Tribunal.